Tumor & Cancer Immunology and Pediatric-oncology 2022

Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy

The molecular classification of Tumor is actually arrangement analysis disguised as classification. In a typical gene expression array study, the researcher will look at a cluster of tumors of a specific type. These therapies include nonspecific activation of the immune system using toll‐like receptor ligands, cytokines or immune checkpoint inhibitors, or specific treatments, like monoclonal antibody administration or vaccination, that directly target cancer cells. Cancers are not just masses of malignant cells but complex ‘rogue’ organs, to which many other cells are recruited and can be degraded by the transformed cells. Interactions between malignant and non-transformed cells create the Tumor microenvironment (TME).